How to learn from failure in five steps: a technique both managers and subordinates can use

"The road to success is paved with partial failures." You can often read quotes like this in self-development texts and professional textbooks for managers, frequently accompanied by the remark that there is always a lesson to be learned from failure. But how actually to learn from failure in practice? Here is a five-point technique managers can use themselves, or pass on to subordinates to help them with their own analysis.